1. Design BOM (EBOM) – The “Design Blueprint” of a Golf Cart
Core Purpose: Defines “what” a golf cart is, used for product development, technical documentation, and design verification.
Focus: Entirely based on design logic and functional modules. For example, a golf cart in the EBOM will be divided into top-level functional modules such as “whole vehicle → powertrain system, chassis system, body system, electrical system,” and then further refined to specific design components.
Included Contents:
Design Components: Such as motor model (e.g., 5kW permanent magnet synchronous motor), battery pack specifications (e.g., 72V 100Ah lithium-ion battery), frame 3D model number
Standard and Purchased Components: Such as tire specifications (18×8.5-8), steering wheel model, instrument panel assembly part number.
Excluded: Auxiliary materials required for production, such as glue, welding wire, screws, and packaging boxes.
Users: R&D engineers, structural designers, electrical engineers.
Application Example: A standard BOM (Bill of Materials) design will specify that a golf cart requires one specific model of motor, four specific tires, one control circuit board, and specifies the body material as fiberglass. However, it won’t specify the number of bolts needed to assemble the motor on the production line.
2. Manufacturing BOM (MBOM) – The Golf Cart’s “Production Execution Manual”
Core Use: Guides “how to build” a golf cart, used for production planning, shop floor operations, and process control.
Focus: Organized according to actual production processes and assembly flows. It transforms the design components in the EBOM into manufacturable materials and clarifies the assembly sequence.
Contents: All core materials in the EBOM.
Auxiliary and Process Materials: Such as M10 high-strength bolts (50 bolts) needed for assembling the frame, welding wire (2 kg), cable ties for wiring harness wrapping (20 ties), and packaging materials for final assembly (1 wooden crate).
Production Information: Reasonable material loss rate (e.g., screw loss rate 2%), process steps (e.g., assemble the chassis first, then the power system). Users: Production planners, process engineers, workshop foremen, warehouse managers.
Application Examples: The manufacturing BOM adds the following to the design BOM: Assembling one cart requires 52 M10 bolts (including 2% wastage), the painting process requires 5 kg of primer and topcoat, and each cart comes with one paper instruction manual and one set of tools. This ensures the workshop can receive all materials and assemble them correctly.
3. Cost BOM (CBOM) – The “Cost Accounting Details” for Golf Carts
Core Uses: Calculating “how much it costs” to produce a golf cart, used for cost control, product pricing, and profit analysis.
Focus: Focuses on the cost composition of each material and process, accumulating and allocating expenses.